师："catch me. hi guys."
生："hi."
师："miss Wang. thank you, sit down, please. Last week we talked about amazing things. We know we are living in a world full of amazing things, but sometimes we really need to look carefully and find them out. Now, boys and girls, are you ready to look for more amazing things?"
生："yes."
师："Okay, look at the picture. Which animal is this? Can you guess?"
生："This is maybe a sheep."
师："Are you sure?"
生："yes."
师："Okay, thank you. Actually, it's a pig. Next, crispy."
生："okay. Maybe a dog."
师："Maybe a dog. Thank you. Good. Let's look at this picture. Who knows?"
生："elephant."
师："Elephant, yeah. There are no bones in the back of an elephant's feet, only fat. Can you believe that? Next, this is a little animal. Whose baby is this?"
生："Maybe a baby cat."
师："Good guess. Maybe?"
生："Maybe a baby mouse."
师："A baby mouse. Interesting. Thank you. Actually, look, it's a baby panda. Yeah, a baby panda looks like a pink mouse. How amazing. Kitty and Millie want to know more about amazing things, so they decided to go to the fun world museum. On the way, Millie told Kitty a story about a panda. Okay, who would like to read the story?"
生："A few years ago, I went to Chengdu to see giant pandas. I learned about a panda named Oreo. When she was born in 2018, she looked like a piglet. When she grew up, she spent twelve hours eating and pooped more than one hundred times every day. She liked playing very much and was always dirty, so she had a nickname 'coal miner'."
师："Yes, very good. I love your voice. Coal miner. Well, what is this panda's name?"
生："Oreo."
师："Oreo. It is also a kind of cookie, right? And what is her nickname?"
生："coal miner."
师："Coal miner. Why is that?"
生："Because she liked playing very much and was always dirty."
师："Yes, she was always dirty. Yes, cute and dirty like this. Thank you. When did Millie go to Chengdu to see her?"
生："A few years ago."
师："A few years ago. Good, sit down. 'A few years ago' or 'sometime ago' means sometime in the past. So Millie used simple past tense to tell this story. Look at the timeline here. This is the present, and this is the past. Yes, we use simple past tense to talk about things that happened in the past. Very good. While using simple past tense, we should notice two important things. Number one is the time. We call it time adverbs. Do you know the Chinese for it?"
生："Xin zhuang."
师："Yes, good. And we should notice the past form of verbs. You know the change, don't you?"
生："yes."
师："Very good. Well, everybody, are you able to find out all the past forms of verbs in this passage? Who'd like to give it a try?"
生："went, learn - learned, wash - washed, look - looked."
师："Anything else? Who had other ideas?"
生："spent."
师："Yes, good. Here, some of these words end with 'ed'. Can you find them out? End with 'ed'. Which one?"
生："learn - learned."
师："These verbs are called regular verbs. Regular. I have some more regular verbs here. Now, could you please work together and put these regular verbs into four different groups? Need to do that now. Discuss. Which group would like to come up to the board?"
生："stop - stopped. Why do we double the last letter? Stop becomes stopped. Why?"
师："Very good. Okay, are you ready? So this is the 'stop' group. Let's take a look. Cook becomes cooked. We add 'ed'. Live becomes lived. We add 'd'. Why?"
生："We already have an 'e' here."
师："Right. Next, cry becomes cried. We change 'y' into 'i' then add 'ed'. Yes, good. I have another word, play. What is the past form of play? Can you tell me?"
生："played."
师："Why?"
生："因为动词中y前面如果是辅音字母，才需要把y改成i加ed，但是play的y前面是a，a是元音字母，所以y不需要改变，直接加ed即可。"
师："Oh, very good. Excellent. Thank you. Pay attention to this. Okay, the last group, stop becomes stopped and we double 'p' then add 'ed'. The other word is plan. Boys and girls, plan becomes planned. These words are called重读闭音节词. Okay, so we double the last letter and then we add 'ed'. What about 'fit'? What else? What is the past form of 'fit'?"
生："fitted."
师："Yes, it's fitted. Thank you. Good. And this leads up to our next step here. The rest of the verbs here are called irregular verbs. Irregular. How do we change irregular verbs? I have some examples here. Do you know their past forms? Cost."
生："cost."
师："Yes, thank you. No change. And write."
生："wrote."
师："Make."
生："made."
师："Leave."
生："left."
师："Have."
生："had."
师："So, just now we learned regular and irregular verbs. Now let's give it a try. Okay, let's find out the past forms. These books... started."
生："started."
师："Good. Thank you. Next, look, love."
生："loved."
师："Next, land."
生："landed."
师："Recommend."
生："recommended."
师："How to spell?"
生："r - e - c - o - m - m - e - n - d - e - d."
师："Next, say."
生："said."
师："Mate."
生："met."
师："How to spell?"
生："m - e - t."
师："Heard."
生："heard."
师："How to spell?"
生："h - e - a - r - d."
师："Left."
生："left."
师："Toad."
生："toad."
师："Food."
生："stood."
师："Bread."
生："brought."
师："Well done, everyone. In Millie's story, she also used a lot of time adverbs. Which of these adverbs can be used in the past tense? Now talk to your deskmate about it." （学生讨论）
师："Okay, who'd like to try?"
生："last Sunday, a few days ago, last weekend, the day before yesterday."